Why Do Babies Stick Their Tongues Out?
Few things are as endearing as watching a baby explore the world with their tiny tongue. Whether it’s a 2-month-old mimicking facial expression or a 9-month-old experimenting with new sounds, tongue protrusion is a common—and often misunderstood—behaviour. But why do babies stick their tongues out so much? Is it a reflex, a developmental phase, or a sign of something more?
This guide will explore the science behind tongue thrusting, the extrusion reflex, and how these behaviours evolve from infancy to adulthood. We’ll also share practical tips for parents and answer questions like “Why does my baby keep sticking her tongue out?” and “How do I stop tongue thrusting in older children or adults?”.
The Science Behind Baby Tongue Movements
1. Newborn Reflexes: The Extrusion and Tongue Thrust Reflex
When a newborn sticks their tongue out repeatedly, it’s often tied to two reflexes:
Extrusion Reflex:
This instinct helps babies latch during breastfeeding or bottle-feeding. If you gently touch a newborn’s lips, they’ll push their tongue forward (or “extrude”) to help draw milk. This reflex fades around 4–6 months.
Tongue Thrust Reflex:
A protective mechanism to prevent choking, this reflex causes babies to push food (or foreign objects) out of their mouths with their tongues. It’s why your 3-month-old might reject a pacifier by thrusting it out.
Example: A parent notices their 2-week-old sticking their tongue out after feeding. This is likely the extrusion reflex at work, ensuring the baby doesn’t overeat.
2. Developmental Exploration
Babies use their mouths to explore textures, tastes, and cause-and-effect. By 2–3 months, they may stick their tongue out to mimic caregivers or experiment with motor skills.
Anecdote: “My 3-month-old started copying me when I stuck my tongue out! It’s how she learns to communicate,” shares mom Jessica.
3. Teething and Oral Discomfort
At 6–9 months, teething can lead to excessive tongue movements. Babies might push their tongue against sore gums or drool more, making tongue protrusion more noticeable.
Age-by-Age Guide: What’s Normal?
Newborn to 2 Months
Normal: Frequent tongue thrusting during feeds, sticking tongue out after eating.
When to Ask: If the baby struggles to latch or seems frustrated during feeding.
2–6 Months
Normal: Mimicking faces, playful tongue sticking, reduced extrusion reflex.
Example: A 4-month-old sticks their tongue out when excited—no cause for concern.
6–12 Months
Normal: Teething-related tongue pushing, babbling with tongue movements.
When to Ask: If tongue thrusting interferes with eating solid foods.
Is It Tongue Thrust? Signs to Watch For
While most tongue protrusion is harmless, persistent tongue thrusting beyond infancy can affect speech, swallowing, or dental health.
Signs in Babies
Difficulty transitioning to solids (e.g., baby pushes food out with tongue at 9 months).
Chronic open-mouth posture (tongue always resting outside).
Signs of Tongue Thrust in Adults
Lisping or speech issues.
Tongue pressing against teeth when swallowing.
Dental problems (e.g., misaligned teeth).
Comparison:
Normal: A 2-month-old sticking their tongue out during play.
Concerning: A 3-year-old who still pushes food away with their tongue.
Addressing Tongue Thrust: Tips for Parents
For Infants
Practice Oral Motor Exercises: Gently rub gums or offer teething toys to strengthen mouth muscles.
Model Proper Swallowing: Show your baby how to close their lips while eating.
For Older Children and Adults
Tongue Thrust Therapy: Speech therapists use exercises to retrain tongue posture.
Myofunctional Therapy: Focuses on correcting swallowing patterns.
Success Story: “After six months of therapy, my daughter stopped thrusting her tongue, and her speech improved dramatically,” says dad Mark.
FAQs: Answering Your Top Questions
Q: Why does my baby stick her tongue out so much?
A: It’s usually exploration, imitation, or reflexes. At 2 months, it’s rarely a concern.
Q: How do I stop tongue thrusting in my child?
A: For babies, most outgrow it. For older kids, consult a speech therapist.
Q: Is tongue thrust linked to autism?
While developmental delays may affect oral motor skills, tongue protrusion alone isn’t a diagnosis. Always consult a pediatrician for evaluation.
Final Thoughts: Celebrate the Quirks
From a newborn’s tongue thrusting to a giggly 9-month-old’s antics, these behaviors are milestones in disguise. While staying informed is key, remember: that tiny tongue is just learning its way around a big world.
Need More Help? If tongue thrusting persists or affects daily life, reach out to a pediatrician or speech therapist. Early intervention can make all the difference!